閥門作為流體輸送系統(tǒng)中的控制部件，在石油化工、給排水、電力等眾多領(lǐng)域起著調(diào)節(jié)、控制流體流量、壓力和流向的關(guān)鍵作用。而閥門是否需要定期潤(rùn)滑，答案是肯定的。定期合理的潤(rùn)滑，對(duì)于閥門的正常運(yùn)行、延長(zhǎng)使用壽命、保障系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定至關(guān)重要，以下將深入探討其原因和相關(guān)要點(diǎn)。

　　Valves, as control components in fluid transportation systems, play a crucial role in regulating and controlling fluid flow, pressure, and direction in various fields such as petrochemicals, water supply and drainage, and electricity. The answer to whether valves need regular lubrication is yes. Regular and reasonable lubrication is crucial for the normal operation of valves, extending their service life, and ensuring system safety and stability. The following will explore the reasons and related points in depth.

　　閥門需要定期潤(rùn)滑的原因

　　The reason why valves need regular lubrication

　　1.減少摩擦與磨損

　　1. Reduce friction and wear

　　閥門的運(yùn)行依賴于內(nèi)部多個(gè)部件的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，如閘閥的閘板升降、球閥的球體旋轉(zhuǎn)、截止閥的閥桿上下移動(dòng)等。在這些部件的運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中，金屬與金屬、金屬與非金屬之間會(huì)產(chǎn)生摩擦。若缺乏潤(rùn)滑，摩擦阻力會(huì)顯著增大，不僅增加了閥門操作的扭矩，導(dǎo)致開(kāi)關(guān)困難，還會(huì)加速部件表面的磨損。長(zhǎng)期高摩擦狀態(tài)下運(yùn)行，閘板、閥桿等關(guān)鍵部件的表面會(huì)出現(xiàn)劃痕、凹坑，甚至變形，嚴(yán)重影響閥門的密封性能和使用壽命。定期潤(rùn)滑能夠在部件表面形成一層油膜，有效隔離摩擦面，降低摩擦系數(shù)，減少磨損，使閥門操作更加輕松順暢。

　　The operation of a valve relies on the relative motion of multiple internal components, such as the gate lifting of a gate valve, the ball rotation of a ball valve, and the up and down movement of the stem of a globe valve. During the movement of these components, friction occurs between metals and between metals and non metals. If there is a lack of lubrication, the frictional resistance will significantly increase, which not only increases the torque of valve operation, causing difficulty in opening and closing, but also accelerates the wear of component surfaces. Long term operation under high friction conditions can cause scratches, dents, and even deformation on the surfaces of key components such as gate plates and valve stems, seriously affecting the sealing performance and service life of the valve. Regular lubrication can form an oil film on the surface of the component, effectively isolating the friction surface, reducing the friction coefficient, minimizing wear, and making valve operation easier and smoother.

　　2.防止部件銹蝕

　　2. Prevent component corrosion

　　閥門通常工作在各種復(fù)雜的環(huán)境中，空氣中的濕氣、腐蝕性氣體，以及流體介質(zhì)中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)等，都可能對(duì)閥門的金屬部件造成腐蝕。特別是在濕度較大的環(huán)境，或者輸送含有酸堿等腐蝕性介質(zhì)時(shí)，金屬部件極易生銹。而潤(rùn)滑脂具有良好的密封和防護(hù)性能，在對(duì)閥門進(jìn)行潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，潤(rùn)滑脂會(huì)填充在部件的縫隙和表面，形成一道防護(hù)屏障，阻止水分、腐蝕性物質(zhì)與金屬直接接觸，從而有效防止部件銹蝕，保持閥門部件的完整性和機(jī)械性能。

　　Valves typically operate in various complex environments, where moisture in the air, corrosive gases, and chemicals in fluid media can all cause corrosion to the metal components of the valve. Especially in environments with high humidity or when transporting corrosive media containing acid and alkali, metal parts are prone to rusting. Lubricating grease has good sealing and protective properties. When lubricating valves, lubricating grease will fill the gaps and surfaces of components, forming a protective barrier to prevent moisture, corrosive substances, and direct contact with metals, effectively preventing component corrosion and maintaining the integrity and mechanical performance of valve components.

　　3.確保密封性能

　　3. Ensure sealing performance

　　良好的密封是閥門正常工作的關(guān)鍵，尤其是在輸送易燃、易爆、有毒有害介質(zhì)的系統(tǒng)中，密封失效可能引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的安全事故。閥門的密封部件，如密封圈、填料等，在長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行過(guò)程中，會(huì)因摩擦、老化等因素導(dǎo)致密封性能下降。定期潤(rùn)滑能夠減少密封部件與其他部件之間的摩擦，降低磨損程度，減緩密封部件的老化速度。同時(shí)，一些特殊的潤(rùn)滑脂還具有一定的膨脹和填充作用，能夠彌補(bǔ)密封部件因磨損產(chǎn)生的微小間隙，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)閥門的密封性能，防止介質(zhì)泄漏。

　　Good sealing is the key to the normal operation of valves, especially in systems that transport flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful media. Seal failure may cause serious safety accidents. The sealing components of valves, such as sealing rings and packing, may experience a decrease in sealing performance due to factors such as friction and aging during long-term operation. Regular lubrication can reduce friction between sealing components and other components, lower the degree of wear, and slow down the aging rate of sealing components. At the same time, some special lubricating greases also have certain expansion and filling functions, which can compensate for the small gaps caused by wear of sealing components, further enhance the sealing performance of valves, and prevent medium leakage.

　　4.降低運(yùn)行噪音

　　4. Reduce operating noise

　　當(dāng)閥門部件之間摩擦過(guò)大時(shí)，在操作過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生刺耳的噪音。這不僅會(huì)對(duì)工作環(huán)境造成噪聲污染，影響操作人員的身心健康，還可能是閥門部件出現(xiàn)故障的預(yù)警信號(hào)。通過(guò)定期潤(rùn)滑，改善部件之間的摩擦狀況，能夠有效降低閥門運(yùn)行時(shí)的噪音，使閥門運(yùn)行更加平穩(wěn)安靜，同時(shí)也便于及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)其他潛在的異常情況。

　　When there is excessive friction between valve components, a harsh noise will be produced during operation. This not only causes noise pollution to the working environment and affects the physical and mental health of operators, but may also be a warning signal for valve component failure. By regularly lubricating and improving the friction between components, the noise during valve operation can be effectively reduced, making the valve run more smoothly and quietly, while also facilitating the timely detection of other potential abnormal situations.

　　在對(duì)閥門進(jìn)行潤(rùn)滑時(shí)，應(yīng)遵循正確的操作流程：

　　When lubricating valves, the correct operating procedures should be followed:

　　首先，清理閥門需要潤(rùn)滑的部位，使用干凈的抹布或刷子去除表面的灰塵、雜質(zhì)和舊的潤(rùn)滑脂，確保潤(rùn)滑部位清潔。

　　Firstly, clean the parts of the valve that require lubrication by using a clean cloth or brush to remove surface dust, impurities, and old grease, ensuring that the lubrication parts are clean.

　　然后，根據(jù)閥門的結(jié)構(gòu)和潤(rùn)滑要求，選擇合適的潤(rùn)滑工具，如油槍、油壺等，將潤(rùn)滑脂均勻地涂抹或注入到相應(yīng)的部位。對(duì)于閥門的軸承、閥桿螺母等部位，可直接涂抹潤(rùn)滑脂；對(duì)于有注油孔的閥門，通過(guò)注油孔將潤(rùn)滑脂注入到內(nèi)部的潤(rùn)滑點(diǎn)。

　　Then, according to the structure and lubrication requirements of the valve, select suitable lubrication tools such as oil guns, oil pots, etc., and evenly apply or inject lubricating grease into the corresponding parts. For the bearings, stem nuts, and other parts of the valve, lubricating grease can be directly applied; For valves with oil injection holes, inject lubricating grease into the internal lubrication points through the oil injection holes.

　　最后，潤(rùn)滑完成后，檢查閥門的操作情況，確保閥門開(kāi)關(guān)靈活，無(wú)異常阻力和噪音。同時(shí)，清理多余的潤(rùn)滑脂，防止其吸附灰塵和雜質(zhì)，影響閥門的正常運(yùn)行。

　　Finally, after lubrication is completed, check the operation of the valve to ensure that it opens and closes flexibly, without any abnormal resistance or noise. At the same time, clean excess lubricating grease to prevent it from adsorbing dust and impurities, which may affect the normal operation of the valve.

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